Communicator

The description of Holborn refinery has been updated, which includes a Process Flow Diagram.

#holborn  #refinery  #germany #hamburg  #sustainability  #co2emissions  #carbonemissions  

The description of the Raffinerie Heide's Hemmingstedt refinery has been updated.


#sustainability  #greenhydrogen  #hydrogenstorage  #emethanol  #cleanfuels  #electrolysis  #westkuste100  #emissions  #co2emissions 

A detailed description of Project ONE is now provided, which includes details about location,  logistics and mobility. ethane cracker technology, and utilities.
 

#co2emissions #emissions  #carbonfootprint  #sustainability  #ethane  #gascracker  #technip  #ineos  #antwerp  #belgium  #pipeline 

Cangrejera gas cracker has an ethylene production capacity of 500,000 tpa

Mexico City, Mexico - February 12, 2025 - Petróleos Mexicanos (Pemex), Mexico's state-owned oil and gas company, has announced a significant investment of $975 million to bolster the country's petrochemical industry. This investment is part of the Mexican government's broader plan to revitalize the sector and reduce reliance on imports.

The funds will be used to reactivate the Cangrejera complex, transforming it into a petrochemical refinery. This move aims to increase domestic production of essential petrochemical products, thereby meeting the growing demand within Mexico and potentially reducing reliance on imports.

Pemex CEO Víctor Rodríguez emphasized the importance of this investment, stating, "This initiative aligns with our commitment to strengthen Mexico's energy independence and foster economic growth." He further highlighted the collaboration between Pemex and other government agencies, including the Ministry of National Defense and the Ministry of Citizen Security, to combat fuel theft and ensure efficient logistics.

The Mexican government's 2024-2030 Hydrocarbon Sector Work Plan outlines several strategic actions for Pemex, including:

▪️Efficient exploration and sustainable production
    of hydrocarbons
▪️Strengthening the refining system
▪️Expanding petrochemical and fertilizer output
▪️Securing efficient logistics
▪️Promoting clean energy generation


#pemex  #petroleosmexicanos   #pemextransformacionindutrial   #veracruz   #mexico   #coatzacoalcos   #cangrejera 

Pemex' Cangrejera Petrochemical Complex has been added.

#pemex #petroleosmexicanos  #pemextransformacionindutrial  #veracrus  #mexico  #coatzacoalcos  #cangrejera 

The description of the aromatics extraction process has been updated. 

#aromatics #extraction  #extractivedistillation  #liquidliquidextraction  #benzeone  #toluene  #xylene  #btx  #pygas  #pyrolysisgasoline  #reformate  #cokerlightoil 

Dutch TTF Gas March 25 (TGH25) Price Chart (€/MWh)

Yara's Hull Plant Mothballing Highlights Europe's Ongoing Energy Challenges

The recent announcement (on 7 February 2025) of Yara International's decision to mothball its Hull ammonia plant in the UK, which has an annual capacity of 300,000 metric tons represents a striking example of how Europe's energy crisis continues to impact industrial production.

This decision is part of a broader strategy to reduce European ammonia production by 1 million metric tons due to high natural gas feedstock costs and the impact of European carbon policies.

The Hull plant closure, likely permanent, reflects the challenges faced by energy-intensive industries in Europe, where elevated energy prices and regulatory pressures have significantly eroded competitiveness.

The Natural Gas-Fertilizer Connection

Fertilizer production, particularly nitrogen-based fertilizers, is
inextricably linked to natural gas prices. Natural gas serves not only as an energy source but also as a key raw material in the production process. Through the Haber-Bosch process, natural gas (methane) is converted into hydrogen, which then combines with nitrogen from the air to produce ammonia – the building block of nitrogen fertilizers.

When natural gas prices surge, fertilizer production costs increase dramatically, as gas can represent up to 80% of the production costs for nitrogen fertilizers. This direct relationship makes fertilizer plants particularly vulnerable to gas price volatility.

The Chain of Events: Europe's Energy Market Transformation

The current situation stems from a series of significant changes in Europe's energy landscape:

Europe took the decisive step of sanctioning gas imports from Russia altogether, forcing a dramatic restructuring of its energy supply chains. This led to a rushed transition toward liquefied natural gas (LNG) from distant suppliers like the United States and Qatar. However, LNG proves significantly more expensive than pipeline gas due to the complex processes of liquefaction, oceanic transport, storage and regasification.

Germany's decision to accelerate the dismantling of its nuclear power plants set an early precedent for increased gas dependency in Europe's largest economy. This shift put additional pressure on the continent's gas supplies and grid stability.

The situation intensified when the Baltic states decided to cut
themselves off from the Russian power grid on 9 February 2025, leading to significant spikes in regional electricity prices. This was preceded by Ukraine's decision to halt gas transit through its territory on 1 January 2025, which had been a crucial pipeline route for Russian gas reaching European markets.

New U.K. Tax Rates Are Hammering North Sea Oil And Gas Drilling

In the UK, the situation intensified in October when the UK government raised the Energy Profits Levy (EPL), commonly known as the windfall tax, from 35% to 38%. The United Kingdom currently imposes one of the world's highest tax burdens on offshore oil and gas production, with operators in the North Sea facing a total tax rate of 78% resulting from the combination of standard taxation and the EPL.

The policy has created a challenging environment for the UK's domestic energy production, Britain now paying the highest electricity prices in the World.

Norway's Gas Threat: A New Risk to Europe's Energy Security

Norway, a critical supplier of natural gas to Europe, has recently hinted at potential disruptions to its energy exports due to domestic and geopolitical pressures. Currently providing nearly half of Germany's gas supply, Norway has become indispensable for European energy security following the decline of Russian gas imports.

However, soaring electricity prices in Norway—six times the EU average—have sparked domestic backlash, with political parties advocating for reduced energy exports to prioritize national affordability. Additionally, technical failures, such as the January 2025 shutdown of Norway's Hammerfest LNG plant, have already tightened Europe's strained energy supply.

These developments highlight Europe’s vulnerability to disruptions in Norwegian gas flows, further exacerbating its ongoing energy crisis.

European Decarbonization Policies

Both the EU and the UK are undergoing significant transformations in their energy landscapes as part of ambitious decarbonization policies aimed at achieving net zero emissions by 2050. The EU’s European Green Deal and legally binding Climate Law, alongside the UK’s Clean Power 2030 Action Plan and Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS), have driven renewable energy adoption and reduced reliance on fossil fuels.

The measures have significantly impacted energy prices across Europe. Investments in green technologies, carbon pricing, and restrictions on fossil fuel use have increased costs for industries and households alike.

In the UK, phasing out coal power and limiting new oil and gas licenses have heightened dependency on renewables and imported energy, raising concerns about energy security.

Deindustrialization in Europe: The Impact of Surging Energy and Gas Prices

These rising costs are placing heavy financial pressure on energy-intensive industries across Europe and the UK, accelerating trends of deindustrialization, exacerbated by geopolitical tensions, net zero energy policy decisions, and the reduction of Russian gas supplies.

Energy-intensive industries, such as chemicals, steel, and aluminum, have been particularly affected, with many companies curbing production or relocating to regions with lower energy costs like the U.S. or Asia. Yara's decision to close its Hull ammonia plant is only the latest in a long list of industrial failures across Europe.

#naturalgas  #deindustrialization  #europe  #fertilizer  #ammonia  #lng #ttf

Liquid fuel-fired power plants have been added, of which they are two types: steam cycle or combined cycle power stations and power plants running on diesel engines. 


#powerplant  #powerstation  #oilpowerplant  #dieselengine  #fueloilpowerplant  #steamcycle  #combinedcycle 

A Generic Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) Coal Power Plant technology has been added.


#igcc  #coalpowerplant  #combinedcycle  #steamcycle  #gasturbine  #coalgasification  #

Coal power plant has been added and a generic technology created.


#coalpowerplant  #steamcyclecoalpowerplant  #coal  #steamcycle  #gasification  #igcc  "electricpower #electricity  #powergeneration 

Compressed air added.


#air  #compressedair  #pressure 

Gas-fired power station has been added and a generic gas power plant technology created.

#gaspowerplant #gaspowerstation  #naturalgas  #steamcycle  #combinedcycle  #gasturbine 

Gas-fired power station has been added and a generic gas power plant technology created.

#gaspowerplant #gaspowerstation  #naturalgas  #steamcycle  #combinedcycle  #gasturbine 

A Generic Central Tower Solar technology has been added.

#solarpower #solarenergy  #centraltowersolarplant  #csp  #concentrated  solarpower

Solar Power Plant technology type has been added.

#solarpv #csp  #concentratedsolar #photovoltaic  #solarenergy  #solarpower 

A Generic Water Pipeline technology has been added.


#water  #pipeline  #desalinatedwater  #drinkingwater  #irrigation  #coolingwater  #wastewater 

Condensate (hot water) has been added.

#water #hotwater  #condensate  #steam  #steamnetwork  #styemheating 

Thermal Generation Systems has been added as Technology-Type in the Energy Production Process category.


#thermalenergy  #energygeneration  #combustion  

Hassi Messaoud refinery has been created and its mass balance initialized.

#condensate #hassimessaoud  #sonotrach  #refinery  #algeria 

RAK2 Skikda condensate refinery has been added and its mass balance initialized with condensate import fed to the condensate splitter.


#sonatrach  #skikda  #algeria  #refinery  #condensate 

Aug 28, 2024 | Offshore Technology

The venture, estimated to cost more than $10bn (Rs839.48bn), is in discussion with ONGC and its subsidiary HPCL.

The Chatterjee Group (TCG), a US-based private equity firm, is seeking a partnership with Indian state-run companies for an oil-to-chemicals project in Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu, reported Bloomberg, citing sources. TCG is in discussion with Oil & National Gas Corporation (ONGC) and its subsidiary Hindustan Petroleum Corporation (HPCL). The proposal suggests the state companies collectively hold a 49% stake in the project – estimated to cost more than $10bn – while TCG, which operates in India through Haldia Petrochemicals, would retain the remaining 51% share. TCG’s project aims to produce 3.5mtpa of ethylene and propylene.

As per Reuters’ April report, Haldia Petrochemicals CEO Navanit Narayan stated that the project is expected to be operational by 2029. The project’s financial closure is anticipated by the end of 2024. Haldia Petrochemicals currently operates a petrochemical plant in eastern India and is developing the nation’s largest integrated phenol project in West Bengal’s Haldia.

The potential investment reflects India’s focus on expanding petrochemical capacities, providing essential materials for a range of products from consumer goods to automotive components. As per government estimates, the demand for chemicals and petrochemicals in India is projected to triple to $1trn by 2040. Oil refiners, including Reliance Industries led by Mukesh Ambani, are shifting their production focus towards petrochemicals over traditional fuels to cater to the increasing demand for specialty plastics and chemicals used in solar panels and electric vehicles.

As per Reuters’ April report, Haldia Petrochemicals CEO Navanit Narayan stated that the project is expected to be operational by 2029. The project’s financial closure is anticipated by the end of 2024. In other development, ONGC has recently been granted government approval for an additional investment of $2.19bn into its petrochemical unit ONGC Petro Additions.

#haldia  #chatterjeegroup  #india  #cotc  #oiltochemical  #hplc  #ongc  #reliance  #ethylene  #propylene  #petrochemicals  #oilrefining  #petroadditions 

10 Dec 2024.

COAL IMPORTS

In 2024, the global reliance on thermal coal is proving to be more resilient than expected. Kpler reports a 9 million metric ton increase in thermal coal exports for the first 11 months compared to 2023, with Indonesia leading the charge by exporting over 500 million metric tons. Exports will climb further in December as power firms stock up for the Northern hemisphere winter. China expanded imports by around 8% to a record 340 million tons from January 1st through the first week of December.

COAL IMPORTS AND CONSUMPTION

China's electricity generation from coal-fired plants climbed 2% over the first 10 months of 2024 to a new record of 4,838 terawatt hours, according to energy think tank Ember, making 2024 the ninth consecutive year of coal-fired expansion in China. The continued expansion in coal imports and use underscores the difficulty of dislodging fossil fuels from energy systems, and may disappoint those hoping for a peak in coal burning. Beyond China, other key growth markets for coal imports and consumption this year are across Southeast Asia, where several economies have benefited from expanded manufacturing output and exports, and rising regional consumption.

Sources: finimize, Reuters

#coal  #thermalcoal  #china  #india  #indonesia  #coalexports  #coalimports 

Technology to produce methanol from syngas has been added.


#hydrogen  #co  #carbonmonoxide  #syngas  #methanol  #hydrogenation  #co2  

Guangxi Huayi Energy Chemical Co., Ltd. and Gas Island Project in Qinzhou have been added.
 

#guangxi  #shanghai  #china  #huayi  #energychemical  #gasislandproject  # coal #coalgasification  #methanol  #ethyleneglycol  #meg  #aceticacid  #coaltochemicals  #coaltomethanol  #coaltoolefins 

Construction site of Xinjiang Zhongtai New Materials Co., Ltd.'s resource-based comprehensive utilization methanol upgrade demonstration project. Image provided by Zhongtai New Materials Co., Ltd.

Xinjiang Zhongtai New Materials Methanol Project Construction Accelerates.

2024-08-09 12:35:58 Source: Tianshan Net - Xinjiang Daily Original

Tianshan Net-Xinjiang Daily (reported by reporter Shi Xin) At present, the construction site of Xinjiang Zhongtai New Materials Co., Ltd.'s resource-based comprehensive utilization of methanol upgrading demonstration project is crowded with people and roaring machines. Construction personnel are working hard and efficiently to advance the project towards the October 30 deadline.

The project is an important project of Xinjiang Zhongtai New Materials Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Zhongtai New Materials Company") in the modern coal chemical industry planning. It is located in Toksun County with a total investment of 5.991 billion yuan. The project makes full use of the characteristics and advantages of coal chemical industry, uses the by-product screening residues (coal powder and coke foam) of the company's semi-coke device as gasification raw materials, and turns low-value materials into production raw materials, thereby increasing their added value, extending the industrial chain, realizing the resource utilization of waste, and improving the development level of the coal classification and quality utilization industry.

At the same time, lignite tail gas (raw coal gas) can be purified to produce hydrogen, and using hydrogen as raw gas for synthesizing methanol can reduce raw coal consumption and carbon dioxide emissions.

On July 23, the first methanol synthesis tower of the project was successfully hoisted, marking the full entry into the peak stage of installation. At present, Zhongtai New Materials Company is scientifically formulating construction plans and accurately reversing construction plans with the project general contractor, construction unit, and supervision unit under the premise of ensuring quality and safety.

Ma Kui, Party Secretary and Chairman of Zhongtai New Materials Company, said that the implementation of the project can promote the comprehensive utilization of resources locally and nearby. After it is put into production, it can form mutual support between the internal industries of Xinjiang Zhongtai (Group) Co., Ltd., continuously enhance the overall competitiveness and stability of the industrial chain, and meet the methanol demand of Xinjiang fine chemicals and new chemical materials enterprises, while also creating 800 jobs.

[Editor: Liu Hai]

#coaltomethanol #coal  #newmaterials  #zhongtai  #turpan  #china  #xinjiang 

Market Information at 10:36, November 22, 2024 | Sina Finance APA

According to Sinochem News, the Xinjiang Zhongtai New Materials Co., Ltd.'s resource-based comprehensive utilization methanol upgrade demonstration project, which was general contracted by China Tianchen Engineering Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of China National Chemical Corporation, successfully completed the handover ceremony of the gasification/air separation unit, marking the official entry of the project from the construction stage to the trial production preparation stage.

Tianchen Company is mainly responsible for the construction of the air separation and gasification units of the project. The air separation unit is equipped with two sets of 60,000 standard cubic meters/hour space separation equipment, and the gasification unit is equipped with three 286,331 standard cubic meters/hour (CO+H₂) synthesis gas gasifiers.

It is reported that since the start of the project, the Xinjiang Zhongtai Project Department has fully mobilized various resources, leveraged its project management advantages, led all participating units to overcome difficulties, promoted high-standard and high-quality construction of the project, and successfully completed the contract schedule goals.

#xinjiang  #zhongtai  #newmaterial  #turpan  #toksun  #coal  #coaltomethanol  #gasification 

Xinjiang Zhongtai Chemical's 1 million ton coal-to-methanol project.

Date: 2024-9-24 | China Carbide Network News.

      On September 10, 2024, the Xinjiang Zhongtai New Materials Project substation constructed by the Xinjiang Branch of Sinochem Second Construction Group Co., Ltd. successfully received power for the first time, which was well received by all parties. The completion of this key node laid the foundation for the single-unit commissioning.

The Xinjiang Zhongtai Resource Comprehensive Utilization Methanol Upgrading Demonstration Project mainly constructs 1 million tons / year methanol and 18,900 tons / year sulfuric acid production lines, as well as air separation units , gasification units, low-temperature methanol-washed synthesis gas purification units, methanol synthesis units and supporting units.

The Xinjiang Zhongtai New Materials Resource Comprehensive Utilization Methanol Upgrading Demonstration Project is located in Tongxin Industrial Park, Alehui Town, Toksun County, Xinjiang. The planned total investment is about 5.99 billion yuan. The waste gas and screenings (coke powder and coal foam) produced by the semi-coke unit built by Zhongtai Group in Toksun County are used as raw materials to build a 1 million tons / year methanol project. The gasification unit is equipped with 3 Jinhua furnaces 3.0 , which mainly produce 286.331Nm3/h ( CO+H₂ ) of synthetic gas , with an annual operating time of 8,000 hours, 2 in operation and 1 in standby.

#zhongtai  #newmaterial  #coaltomethanol  #china  #turpan  #xinjiang  #coal  #methanol 

Zhongtai Toksun Energy Chemical and calcium carbide manufacturing site have been added.

#zhongthai #toksun  #energychemical  #calciumcarbide  #coal  #china  #turpan  #xinjiang 

Fuyou Technology, from top left to bottom right: a corner of the factory, office building, satellite view, 170 kta coal tar full fraction hydrogenation unit, 500 kta coal tar full fraction hydrogenation unit, 80 kta light hydrocarbon fraction separation unit.

Fuyou Technology has developed combined coal-based process technologies such as coal pyrolysis, hydrogenation of medium and low temperature coal tar full fractions to produce more intermediate distillate oil, efficient impurity removal and aromatics saturation of naphtha to produce cycloalkane chemicals. The company is the leading producer of methylcyclohexane, light white oil, transformer oil and aerospace special oils obtained from medium and low temperature coal tar.

Low-grade coal, which accounts for about 55% of the total coal resources in Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, has low carbon content and calorific value, and relatively high tar yield and hydrogen and oxygen content. The characteristics of the feedstock is conducive to efficient transformation and utilization through medium and low temperature pyrolysis.

Fuyou Technology's pyrolysis process product is separated into three substances: gas (coal gas), liquid (coal tar), and solid (semi-coke), and further converted to obtain clean fuels such as oil, gas, and electricity, as well as high value-added chemical products. The company has built and put into use China's first 170,000 tons/year medium and low temperature coal tar full-fraction hydrogenation high-yield intermediate distillate oil industrial demonstration unit and a 500,000 tons/year coal tar full-fraction hydrogenation production cycloalkane oil unit, promoting the high-end transformation of coal tar and realizing the transformation of coal from a single fuel to diversified products.

The naphtha separation unit now produces 80,000 tpy naphtha, which is converted mainly into cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, and dimethylcyclohexane. Fuyou Technology is the largest methylcyclohexane producer in China, with an annual output of 30,000 tonnes, accounting for 85% of the market share. The company has also laid out industrial chain extension projects to produce high value-added products such as ethylcyclohexane.

Li Zhuoran, 10 Oct 2024, Focus on the high-quality development of Shaanxi's energy and chemical industry, West China Network.

#coal  #coalgasification  #coaltar  #cycloalcane  #naphtha  #distillate  #pyrolysis  #fuyou  #fuyoutechnology  #shaanxi  #yulin  #china 

Shenmu Fuyou Energy Technology Co., Ltd. and production site in Yulin City, Shaanxi Province, have been added. It is a coal to chemical producer and a subsidiary of Shaanxi Coal Group.


#fuyoutechnology  #shaanxi  #yulin  #china  #coaltochemical  #pyrolysis  #coaltar  #shaanxicoalgroup 

The product sutructure of the ZPC Zhoushan refining and chemical operations has been updated. 


#zpc  #zpcc  #zpczhoushan  #zheijiang  #zheijiangpetrochemical  #zheijiangpetroleumandchemicals  #zhoushan  #china  #rongsheng  #aramco  #saudiaramco  #crudeoil  #coaltochemical 
 

Shaanxi Yulin Energy Group Co., Ltd. has been added.
 

#shaanxi #yulin  #yulinenergygroup  #china  #coal  #coaltochemical 

Shaanxi Yulin Energy Chemical New Materials Co., Ltd. and manufacturing site created. Project is co-located with Yulin Energy Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd.

Coal-to-chemical site is in a project phase.


#shaanxi  #yulinenergy  #newmaterials  #coaltochemical  #epoxyresin  #chloralkali
 

Shaanxi Coal Group Yulin Chemical and the two-phases of the coal-to-chemical projects in Shenmu have been added.

#shaanicoalgroup  #yulinchemical  #coaltochemical  #coaltoolefins  #coaltoaromatics  #china 

Yulin Energy Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd. and manufacturing site created. Details about actual activities of the site are not clear.

Project is co-located with Shaanxi Yulin Energy Chemical New Materials Co., Ltd.

#yulinenergy  #china  #shaanxi  #coaltochemical  #finechemicals 

Picture: Indian subcontinent refineries, via ppPLUS

India’s dependence on imports to meet its requirements of basic petrochemicals, including polymers, is only expected to rise, despite projects – under implementation and on the drawing boards. This is partly because the historical baggage of poor capacity builds will take time to catch up with rising demand.

In the last few years, however, India’s public sector refiners have climbed on the petrochemicals bandwagon, seeking value-added outlets for refinery streams. They have invested in aromatics (for feeding the polyester value chain), propylene (for polypropylene, PP, and some other chemicals notably, oxo-alcohols and acrylate monomers), linear alkyl benzene (LAB), a key detergent raw material, and a few other projects. And more are to come in the near-term.

There are several commonalities amongst the firm projects. For one, the emphasis seems to be on building the C3 (propylene) value chain. This is not surprising as FCC propylene offers a simple, low-cost route to the olefin and one that can be conveniently retrofitted into existing refinery operations. There is also an overwhelming emphasis on PP production, which may not be wise, as it runs the risk of overbuild should demand growth not pan out as anticipated.

There are other propylene derivatives that can be considered, and these merit attention if not by the refiners themselves then by third party investors for whom it will be more worthwhile. Much will hinge on the commercials of the olefin supply arrangement, but such business models are widely followed, including here in India, let alone in other countries.

Importantly, the government needs to recognise that the chemical industry as a key enabler of modern living, and not a nuisance to be constrained through regulation and red-tape. The priority must be on developing well-developed clusters where not just the petrochemical industry, but also the broad chemical industry – including the fine and specialty chemical industries, wherein India’s competitiveness is well recognised – can locate and start operations in double-quick time. Clusters are efficient and safe locales where the industry can thrive, as several countries have amply shown.
 
India needs a much larger and more diversified chemical industry than it has now. The former it seems is happening. Not so sure of the latter. The herd mentality to investments needs to change. Those who have dared to do so – and there are a few examples – have been amply rewarded. More need to emulate, not imitate, them!

Ravi Raghavan, 12 Nov 2024, Linkedin post.

#india  #petrochemicals  #chemicals  #valuechains  #propylene  #fcc  #refinery  #polyester  #aromatics  #olefins  #polypropylene  #acrylics  #lab  #chemicalindustry  #indianchemicals  #IOCL  #BPCL  #HPCL  #RelianceIndustries  #investment  #specialitychemicals  #finechemicals  #oilrefining  #polymers  #ethylene  #competitiveness 

HDPE description has been updated.

#hdpe #polyethylene  #density  #comonomer 

Former Ineos Limited, an intermediate holding company of the INEOS group, was renamed into Ineos 2010 Limited. 

The actual ultimate parent undertaking and subsequently created Ineos Limited company, is incorporated in the Isle of Man and for our purpose of reflecting the Corporate structure of the INEOS Group, is designed as the overarching Corporate entity.

#ineos  #limited  #corporation  #ineosgroup 

Description of phosgene (main product) has been updated.

#cocl2  #phosgene 

Saudi Aramco is betting that the internal combustion engine will be around for a "very, very long time" as the world's largest oil company sees a business opportunity in the growing popularity of electric vehicles.

The state-owned oil group, which generated $500 billion in revenue last
year mainly from the production and sale of crude oil, acquired a 10 percent stake in Horse Powertrain for €740 million in June 2024, a company that makes internal combustion engines.

The calculation by Saudi Aramco and Horse's other shareholders - Chinese automaker Geely and its French rival Renault - is that as the industry stops designing and developing its own internal combustion engines, it will start buying them from third parties, the Financial Times said.

"It will be incredibly expensive for the world to completely eradicate or do away with internal combustion engines," said Yasser Mufti, Saudi Aramco's executive vice president in charge of the deal. "If you look at
affordability and a lot of other factors, I think they will be around
for a very, very long time."

Asked if he thought internal combustion engines would exist forever, Mufti answered in the affirmative. Saudi Aramco has previously said it believes that even in 2050, more than half of all cars will still be running on some form of fuel.

Photo: Aramco News, 28^th June 2024
At the signing ceremony, front row, from left: Renault Group Senior Vice President of International Development & Partnerships Francois Provost, Aramco Senior Vice President of Technology Oversight & Coordination Ali A. Al Meshari, and Geely Head of Strategy & Partnership (Chairman’s Office) Fiona Fei. Back row, from left: Valvoline Global Operations CEO Jamal Muashsher, HORSE Powertrain Limited CEO Matias Giannini, Aramco Executive Vice President of Products & Customers Yasser M. Mufti, Geely General Counsel Tihua Huang, and Aramco Vice President of Downstream Growth & Development Andrew Katz.

#diesel  #gasoline  #aramco  #crudeoil  #refining  #fuels  #combustionengines 

A division of Alphabet Inc. has claimed carbon neutrality in its operations since 2007. This status was achieved by purchasing carbon offsets to match the emissions produced by its buildings, data centers, and business travel.

However, in its latest report, the company states:
"Starting in 2023, we no longer support operational carbon neutrality."

Google has ceased its substantial purchase of inexpensive carbon offsets. This strategic shift coincided with Google and Big Tech's dramatic move towards artificial intelligence technology, which is extremely resource-intensive.

As a result, energy consumption in 2023 was 48% higher than in 2019. Total energy consumption doubled over that period.

Microsoft shares a similar story. The company's AI activities led to a 30% increase in emissions compared to 2020, although it still aims to become carbon-negative by 2030.

#microsoft  #google  #alphabet  #ai  #artificialintelligence  #energyconsumption  #carboncredits  #carbonneutrality  #carbonoffsets  #emissions  #CO2  #carbondioxide  #carbonnegative 

Corrosion can come in many ways. Identifying the root cause is primordial in order to select better materials or suppliers.

Here is a short article on such a case: Cold water pipes

#corrosion #rootcause #expert  #asset  #integrity