Singapore Essential Chemicals Complex
Entity
Petrochemical Corporation of Singapore (Private) Limited
Predominantly Chemicals Operations
100 Ayer Merbau Road
http://www.pcs.com.sg/singapore-petrochemical-complex/complex/

The Singapore Essential Chemicals Complex is a world-class, integrated petrochemical and chemical manufacturing hub located on Ayer Merbau, part of Jurong Island, Singapore. The complex is a cornerstone of Singapore’s energy and chemicals industry, supporting a wide range of downstream industries and exports across Asia.

Complex I

  • Origins: Launched in 1977 through collaboration between the Singapore and Japanese governments and major international partners such as Sumitomo Chemical, Shell, Chevron Phillips, and Celanese.
  • Construction: Began in 1980 with an investment of S$2 billion.
  • Operations: Commenced commercial production in February 1984.
  • Location: Sited on Ayer Merbau, which was transformed from a small fishing village into an industrial hub.
  • Role: Served as the foundation for Singapore’s petrochemical industry, producing essential building blocks like ethylene, propylene, acetylene, butadiene, and benzene, as well as supplying utilities and common services to more than ten pipeline customers on Jurong Island.

Complex II

  • Expansion: The Complex II project was launched on 1 March 1994, representing a S$3.4 billion investment.
  • Start-up: Began operations in the second quarter of 1997.
  • Scope: Included the construction of a second, world-scale ethylene cracker, which doubled the olefins production capacity of the complex and enhanced feedstock flexibility.
  • Integration: The expansion added new downstream projects on adjacent Pulau Sakra and increased plant capacities on Ayer Merbau, Seraya, and Sakra.
  • Products: Complex II enabled the supply of additional ethylene, propylene, acetylene, benzene, and utilities, further strengthening Singapore’s position as a leading chemicals hub in Asia.

Manufacturing Plants and Capacities
 

Product Plants Capacities (t/y) Total Capacities (t/y)
  Plant I Plant II  
Ethylene 465,000 635,000 1,100,000
Propylene 270,000 375,000 645,000
Propylene (metathesis) - 200,000 200,000
Butadiene 60,000 100,000 160,000
MTBE - 140,000 140,000
1-Butene - 63,000 63,000
Benzene 105,000 165,000 270,000
Toluene 55,000 90,000 145,000
Xylene 26,000 59,000 85,000
Acetylene 5,500 7,500 13,000

 

Key Features and Strategic Importance

  • Centre Company: PCS Pte. Ltd. (Petrochemical Corporation of Singapore) is the centre company, operating the upstream crackers and supplying feedstocks and utilities to downstream pipeline customers.
  • Integration: The complex is fully integrated with pipeline customers and leverages Jurong Island’s infrastructure, including naphtha import facilities, berths, and advanced utilities.
  • Sustainability: PCS and the complex are committed to sustainable operations, including partnerships to introduce renewable feedstocks and reduce carbon footprint.

References

  1. pcs.com, Singapore Petrochemical Complex (accessed 24th Jun 2025)
  2. PCS Brochure 2023 Final.
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