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Alternating current (AC) is an electric current that periodically reverses direction and changes its magnitude continuously with time. It starts from zero, grows to a maximum, decreases to zero, reverses, reaches a maximum in the opposite direction, and repeats this cycle. AC is the standard for electrical distribution in homes and businesses, and it is the form of electrical energy that consumers typically use when they plug appliances, televisions, and lamps into a wall socket. In the United States, the frequency of AC is typically 60 Hz, meaning the direction of current switches back and forth 60 times each second. AC has the advantage of being easily transformed into higher or lower voltages, which reduces energy loss during long-distance transmission.