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Aluminium Oxides
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Chemicals
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Inorganics
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Inorganic Oxides
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Description

Aluminium oxides are a family of inorganic compounds formed from aluminium and oxygen. The group encompasses three species defined by the oxidation state of the aluminium atom:​

  • Aluminium(I) oxide — formula Al₂O, where aluminium carries a +1 oxidation state

  • Aluminium(II) oxide (aluminium monoxide) — formula AlO, where aluminium carries a +2 oxidation state

  • Aluminium(III) oxide (alumina) — formula Al₂O₃, where aluminium carries its most common +3 oxidation state

The lower oxides — Al₂O and AlO — are metastable species that exist predominantly at very high temperatures or under extreme conditions and are not encountered in everyday industrial settings. They readily disproportionate to the thermodynamically stable Al₂O₃ form upon cooling.​

The dominant and commercially significant member of this group is aluminium(III) oxide, or alumina, which occurs naturally as the mineral corundum and is produced industrially on a massive scale via the Bayer process from bauxite ore. The lower oxides remain largely of scientific and academic interest, while Al₂O₃ underpins a broad range of industrial, catalytic, and materials applications.

 

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Modified by UserPic  Kokel, Nicolas 2/24/2026 7:31 AM
Added 2/21/2026 7:22 PM