Helium atomic structure | Source: Vi Na Industrial Gases

Helium is a naturally occurring, chemically inert noble gas and the second most abundant element in the observable universe, yet one of the rarest recoverable resources on Earth. It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, and non-toxic monatomic gas under standard conditions, with atomic number 2 and an atomic mass of 4.003 g/mol. Its outer electron shell is completely filled — containing two electrons in a 1s² configuration — which renders it virtually non-reactive with any other element or compound under standard industrial conditions, forming no stable chemical compounds.

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