Clockwise from top left: Coated scale lifted from a framework (Aegis Ind. Finishing), Mechanical mill scale removal (Tony Hufford), SEM micrograph showing mill scale on carbon steel rebar (Vahid Azad), Commercial mill scale (Anglo Pacific Minerals)

Mill scale is a hard, brittle, bluish-black iron oxide by-product that forms on the outer surface of steel during hot rolling, when steel billets, slabs, or blooms are processed at temperatures above 1,000°C. It is one of the most significant secondary iron-bearing materials in the global steel industry, generated in volumes of 1–2% of the weight of steel rolled and traded internationally as a high-value raw material input for iron and steelmaking.​

Read the full mill scale profile here.

#millscale  #ironoxides  #mixedironoxide  #steel  #hotrolling  #steelmanufacturing