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Aniline is the simplest aromatic amine with the formula C₆H₅NH₂, consisting of a benzene ring (phenyl group) directly attached to an amino group (-NH₂). This structure makes it an electron-rich aromatic compound that readily participates in electrophilic substitution reactions. Like most volatile Amines, it has the odor of rotten fish. It ignites readily, burning with a smoky flame characteristic of aromatic compounds.

Aniline hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt of aniline, formed by the protonation of aniline's amino group with hydrochloric acid. The structure consists of a phenyl ring attached to a tetrahedral ammonium center (C₆H₅NH₃⁺Cl⁻. It is a white to greenish crystalline solid, soluble in water, alcohol, and chloroform.

#aniline #nitrobenzene #anilinehydrochloride